Identifying the
Champagne Colored
Horse

the adult has pink skin with abundant dark freckles

Champagne is a color-modifying gene, like bay or dun,  and not a term for shiny, light or strangely-colored horses.

For links to all known DNA color testing labs,
click here.

CHAMPAGNE SKIN COLOR

Champagne

EXPLANATION

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Please click these pictures to see them full sized

(all above are champagne horses)

The pink skin of a Champagne horse is "pigmented pink" -- not the pigment-free paler pink color found under all white markings of all horses.  It may tan.

It has MANY, DARK freckles.  Not mottles, splotches, specks or blotches.  Champagne skin is this color EVERYWHERE there is colored hair on the horse.

It's easiest to identify, however, and the most freckles appear, in these places:

around the eyes, on the muzzle, and ON AND around the private parts.

Left: champagne skin; facial and under-tail

Right, top: Palomino skin - around eye, 
udder, chest, and under tail.  

Right: a perlino dun Morgan Horse stallion.

Right: Appaloosa skin

Right, bottom: cremello skin

Please click these pictures to see them full sized
       

(4 pics above are all palomino) 

perlino dun

appaloosa skin

cremello

CHAMPAGNE COAT COLORS

Champagne

EXPLANATION

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Amber Champagne

The body, leg, mane and tail hair of a champagne horse will ALL be "diluted" colors.  Dilution is what milk does to the color of coffee -- it lightens it. 

Champagne horses often have darker coats in winter than in summer, unless they also have a cream gene. For foal coat colors, see the foal section at the bottom of this page.

Left: an amber champagne, the result of Champagne on a bay base.  If you click on it to see it full size, you can easily see that the points are brown, not black.

Right: a buckskin, the result of CREAM on a bay base.  In the same way, you can see that her points are black.

Also notice the skin colors of these two horses.

buckskin

Gold Champagne

Shine is not taken into account, because many non-champagne horses' coats are extremely shiny or iridescent, and many champagne horses' coats do not show any unusual shine. 

Of course, champagne is not just a descriptive name for light colors, either.

Left: Champagne Cadillac; gold champagne, the result of  the gene acting on a red (chestnut) base.  

Upper right: Lewisfield Sun God, a very shiny, chestnut Arabian. 

Center right: a very light-colored, shiny palomino.

Lower right: a very shiny, dark cremello.

bright chestnut

light  palomino

dark, shiny cremello

 

Gold Champagne

Classic Champagne

Reverse dappling is often found in Champagne colored horses, depending on the time of year, etc.  (Reverse dappling is the effect of dark spots with light surrounding "lacing".)

However, it also may be found in dun, and other colors.

Left: champagne colors with reverse dappling.

Right: dun with reverse dappling.

Amber Champagne

When coat colors are mysterious, one must look further to determine the genetics of the horse.  For example, compare these two horses:

Left: an amber champagne mare

Right:  a mystery color. This Palomino turned this color
in his later years. 
He has dark skin, and
DNA tests prove he is a palomino.

"sooty" palomino

Dark Gold

Left: this was once a mystery color. There are some Gold
champagnes with the unusual
"Dark gold" coloration.

Right: red duns may look 
a little similar, but duns have 
dark skin, and stripes.

red dun

SKIN AROUND eyes - DETAILED

CHAMPAGNE

EXPLANATION

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The skin touching, and near, the eye of a champagne horse will be pigmented-pink with numerous dark freckles.  Though a few other genetic combinations can produce pink, freckled skin, they're usually different in quality or quantity (see below.) 

MOST horses have very dark (black or charcoal gray) skin around their eyes, except for under white pinto/paint/Appaloosa markings.

Left: typical champagne eye; amber champagne.

Right: dark eye skin typical of most non-champagnes

palomino

The skin around the eyes of a double cream dilute, like cremello or perlino, will be a slightly different shade of pink, and have just a few black "specks" rather then typical champagne "freckling".  Compare these pics to get a very good idea of the difference.

Left: champagne plus cream

Right: double cream dilutes.

both cremellos

Often, horses with one cream gene will be born with pink skin.  It usually darkens to black within weeks.

Left: Champagne eyes, older and younger

Right: a smoky black
mare's eye with pinkish
skin and some "speckles"

Gray/grey on a champagne horse often produces darker colors in both coat and skin.  Gray/grey on a non-champagne is sometimes accompanied by depigmentation, or loss of pigment/color in skin on the face.

Left: gray on champagne

Right: non-champagne
gray depigmentation

Appaloosa skin, as we have seen above, has various degrees of depigmentation.  The pigmented part of a champagne + Appaloosa horse's skin will be pink with freckles, in addition to the non-pigmented pink areas common to Appaloosas.

Left: Appaloosa PLUS champagne

Right: non-champagne
Appaloosa eye skin

Sorry, not clickable

Pearl is a newly-identified dilution gene, believed to be an allele of cream, which, in its homozygous form or combined with cream, produces dilute colors with pink skin and pale, muted freckles.

palomino + pearl

MUZZLE SKIN

CHAMPAGNE

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As described above, champagne skin is pink with abundant, dark freckles.

Left: typical champagne muzzle skin

Right, above: "pink-skinned Palomino" muzzle

Right, below: normal palomino muzzle

(in most other pictures this horse's muzzle skin appears black.  Perhaps he was very young here. He is incorrectly advertised as a gold champagne.)

Left: Amber champagne

Right: buckskin

The pink skin of a "double cream" (cremello, perlino, etc.) is a slightly different shade than champagne skin, and it has sparse black "flecks".

Left: gold cream muzzle at 4½ months

Right: adult cremello muzzle

cremello

Left: Amber champagne

Right: Appaloosa

Appaloosa

 Freckled skin is much harder to see through heavier winter coats.

Left: classic champagne
muzzle in WINTER.

Right: muzzle of a smoky
black (one cream on black)

Here is an example of why it's so important  to use pedigree as well as appearance (and DNA testing where possible) to determine a horse's true genetic color identity.

Left: champagne muzzle

Right: Pearl dilute

PRIVATE PARTS SKIN

CHAMPAGNE

EXPLANATION

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Left: under-tail shots of typical champagne skin, mares

Right above: under-tail shot
of typical double-cream skin, mare

Right middle: under-tail of
palomino mare

Right, below: under-tail of
palomino gelding

cremello

palomino

palomino

Left: under tail of
       champagne Appaloosa

Right: private parts of Appaloosa

Right: private parts of a palomino stallion

When it comes to UDDERS, some cream dilutes have pink, freckled, skin there, but the nipple color is dark on a cream dilute (palomino, etc.), and light on a champagne. 

Left: the skin on the udder of a champagne mare (very large photo)

Right: skin on the udder of 
a smoky black mare
(one cream gene on black) and a palomino mare

CHAMPAGNE FOALS

CHAMPAGNE FOAL COATS

The first foal coat of a champagne is sometimes darker than the adult coat.  Others are born the color they will remain; still others vary from year to year.  The following pictures show the colors during age progression of a few horses of different champagne base colors.  You can see the various ways they can change from birth through adulthood.

They are shown here, in order, with the youngest to the left.

Gold (champagne on chestnut/sorrel): Zillertal Atom

Amber (champagne on bay): Pocos Blue Champagne

Another Amber: Champagne Ambassador, aka "Ricky"

Sable (champagne on seal brown): California Champagne, aka "Fred"

Classic (champagne on black) pinto: Champagne Leap of Faith

CHAMPAGNE FOAL SKIN & EYES

All champagne foals are born with bright pink skin and blue eyes.  As they mature, the skin stays a shade of pink and develops freckles; the eyes turn "amber" (yellow-green to medium brown) over months to years.

Some foals of other colors also start out with pink skin and blue eyes;
so one must know what else to look for.

CHAMPAGNE

Explanation

OTHER

Chestnuts can be born with pink skin and blue eyes, which turn dark in a few days to weeks. 

Left: champagne foal

Right: chestnut foal

Please resend pics, sorry.

amber champagne dun foal

3 day old champagne foal

Single cream dilutes - Palominos, buckskins, brown buckskins, and smoky blacks, and the various kinds of duns are frequently born with pink skin and blue eyes, which turn dark in a few days to weeks.  Champagne skin and eyes do not.

palomino foals

buckskin foal

palomino foal

DNA COLOR TESTING

Horses can now be tested for most color genes to find out their true genetic color identities.  This is very useful for those who wish to breed for certain colors (or to avoid certain colors.) Several labs currently offer tests for black (black or bay) or red (chestnut) pigment, agouti (bay, brown or solid [black]), silver, pearl, and cream, in addition to the three paint gene tests available (tobiano, sabino-1 and frame/LWO).  A champagne is ready to be announced soon!

Color Test Links

SOME RARER, NON-CHAMPAGNE  DILUTIONS

During the course of examining horses to be registered with the ICHR, some horses were discovered whose colors could not be explained by any then-known genetic color combination!  They looked somewhat like champagne colors, but several factors were not there.

When these unexplained colors were thoroughly researched, they turned out to have distinct genetic signatures, 
different from any currently catalogued!  There is now a test for PEARL, which was just developed in October of 2006.

You can read more about Pearl HERE.

The founders and friends of the ICHR continue to research unusual and undocumented colors in horses.  We suggest you join the ICHR list as a launching point to learn more.  (See Yahoogroups button below to join.)

If you still find it impossible to tell what is a champagne, and what is not, after studying this page, just remember, it takes years of study and experience, including some scientific training (usually), to become a color "expert".  Don't give up;  join the Yahoogroups ICHR discussion list (see button, below) ; learn from the experts!